Sunday, May 22, 2016

All About Flowers




FLOWERS
Now that spring has arrived, the thought of which flowers to choose for your garden may come to mind. There are so many different varieties to choose from; how on earth do you decide? I think after you have checked out whether your flowers will be in full sun or full shade or a little of both, the first question you must ask yourself is whether you want perennials or annuals.

What is the difference between an Annual and a Perennial?
An annual will perform their entire life cycle from seed to flower to seed within a single growing season. All roots, stems and leaves of the plant die annually. Annuals tend to bloom all season long, and are often bright and showy. Though you will have to replant next year (or choose another plant to put in your annual’s place), annual plants tend to be cheaper than perennials and are less of a commitment. Some annuals are “self-seeding,” meaning you may wind up with new flowers the following year without having to plant them yourself, though they won’t be exactly where you planted this year. Popular annuals for the central Alberta region include zinnias, viola, marigolds, petunias, sunflowers, snapdragons, nasturtium, alyssum, begonia, dahlia, asters, daisy, strawflower and impatiens.

Perennials are plants that persist for many growing seasons; generally the top portion of the plant dies back each winter and regrows the following spring from the same root system. Perennials live for three or more growing seasons. They can be planted from bulb or seed – often bulbs must be planted in the fall to produce spring-blooming plants – or you can purchase young plants at a nursery to plant in the spring. Perennials generally have shorter blooming periods than annuals, so gardeners often pair them with perennials that bloom at other times to maintain constant colour from spring to autumn. Some cold-weather perennials include roses, peonies, tulips, mums, yarrow, lavender, arctic fire, foxglove, echinacea, sage, hollyhocks and daylilies. If you keep an eye out around your community, it will become apparent which perennials do well in your region.

Gardening Tips
Think about planting some daylilies among your tulips in sunny areas of the garden. Emerging daylily foliage will hide the yellowing foliage of tulips after they bloom.
Cut new edges where the garden meets the lawn. Standing on the lawn, rake leaves from the garden. Avoid walking on the beds until the soil has dried out some.
Avoid raking too early in the season as emerging perennial plant tips may incur frost damage. If necessary, clean leaves around emerging plants by hand.
Garden soil can be worked when the ground is free of frost and sufficiently dried out. Working garden soil while it is still wet from spring rains and melting snows can damage soil texture. The soil is too wet to work if it forms a firm ball when you squeeze it.
Before new growth starts, cut back ornamental grasses and other perennial plants left standing for winter interest or those that were not cut back in fall. Cut back woody perennials, such as Russian sage, to 12 inches in mid-April. Uproot perennial weeds, such as dandelions, by hand. Don’t use a hoe as growing shoots below the ground may be damaged. Remove winter mulch.
Divide summer and fall-blooming perennials when they first start to show signs of growth in spring, ideally on a cloudy day. Wait until fall to divide spring and summer-blooming perennials. Use a knife or spade to help with the division. When replanting, be certain to add organic matter to the planting hole to give the roots a healthy start.
Add perennial and grass clippings to your compost pile. Next spring you will have fresh organic-rich compost for your garden at no cost!

Spring-blooming perennials would make a wonderful gift for Mother’s Day!

Kathryn Hartwell

References: prairiegardening.org, aggie-horticulture.edu, gardengallery.com




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